Europe 464: Battle of Bergamo

Political map of Europe & the Mediterranean on mid 464 (Fall of the Western Empire: Battle of Bergamo), showing the following events: Saragurs, Oghurs, and Onogurs; Loss of Colonia Agrippina; Aegidius–Gaiseric contact; Battle of Bergamo.

Following Aegidiusvictory over the Visigoths at Orléans (463), a large force of Alans crossed the Alps to invade Italy but were defeated by Ricimer at Bergamum (Bergamo) in 464. Although it’s unclear exactly which Alans were involved—there were several groups active at the time—the likelihood is that they came from the Danube frontier rather than Gaul.

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Main Events

463? Saragurs, Oghurs, and Onogurs

After defeating the Akatziri in the early 460s, the Saragurs—now joined by the Oghurs and Onogurs—approached the Eastern Roman Empire and dispatched an embassy to open up friendly relations. Pleased, Emperor Leo I treated the envoys with favor before sending them back with gifts. This act of kindness by the Romans may have persuaded these related tribes—“Saragurs” can be transliterated as “White/Western Oghurs/tribes” and “Onogurs” as “Ten Oghurs/tribes”—to turn against the Persian a few years later. in wikipedia

464? Loss of Colonia Agrippina

In c. 464 an army of Franks—most likely Ripuarians—stormed Colonia Agrippina (Cologne), killing many Romans there and forcing the Roman general Aegidius to flee the city. The Franks then advanced through the countryside, ravaging it as they went, until they reached Augusta Treverorum (Trier), which they set afire. This marked the end of Roman rule in these cities. in wikipedia

May–Sep 464 Aegidius–Gaiseric contact

In May 464 the rebel Roman general Aegidius sent envoys from northern Gaul to Africa via the Atlantic Ocean in an attempt to form an alliance with the Vandal king Gaiseric. These envoys then returned by the same route in September, but the distance between the two peoples probably made any significant cooperation impractical. in wikipedia

464 Battle of Bergamo

In 464 Beorgor, “King of the Alans”, crossed the Alps to invade Italy with a substantial army, but was defeated and killed by the Western Roman generalissimo Ricimer near Bergamum (Bergamo). There’s some dispute among modern historians as to which group of Alans was involved in this encounter—both the rebel general Aegidius and the Vandal king Gaiseric had large numbers of Alans in their service—but as the attack appears to have originated in the upper Danube region, it seems most likely that Beorgor’s Alans were another group, consisting of former Hunnic subjects that had broken away after the death of Attila. in wikipedia