Europe 351: Battle of Mursa Major

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Political map of Europe & the Mediterranean on 28 Sep 351 (The Constantinian Dynasty: Battle of Mursa Major), showing the following events: Abdication of Vetranio; Constantius Gallus; Jewish Revolt against Gallus; Battle of Mursa Major.
M  a  u  r  i
Jews

sum  336
9 Sep  337
Apr  340
sum  346
18 Jan  350
3 Jun  350
28 Sep  351
3 Jul  353
11 Aug  355
24 Jun  356
sum  357
Feb  360
3 Nov  361
29 May  363
11 Jul  363
Dec  364
1 Nov  365
Jun  366
24 Aug  367
sum  368
27 Aug  369
spr  371
early  373
sum  374
sum  376
early  377
spr  378
9 Aug  378
19 Jan  379
3 Oct  382
25 Aug  383
early  387
Jul  388
Apr  390
22 Aug  392
5 Sep  394
17 Jan  395
fall  395
early  396
late  397
Apr  400
early  402
mid  405
sum  406
31 Dec  406
spr  407
spr  408
Dec  408
spr  409
12 Oct  409
early  410
24 Aug  410
spr  411
18 Sep  411
mid  412
spr  413
late  414
early  416
spr  417
fall  418
early  420
8 Feb  421
early  422
sum  422
20 Nov  423
May  425
Feb  426
sum  427
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May  430
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sum  431
late  432
mid  433
11 Feb  435
late  436
late  438
19 Oct  439
sum  440
sum  441
sum  442
late  445
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fall  447
fall  449
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20 Jun  451
fall  452
spr  453
sum  454
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In late 350 Constantius II marched west to face the usurpers and quickly gained Vetranio’s surrender. He then turned on Magnentius and in September 351 narrowly defeated him at Mursa Major. However, with combined casualties of some 54,000, the battle—one of the bloodiest in Roman history—left both sides severely weakened.

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Main Events

25 Dec 350 Abdication of Vetranio ▲

Proclaiming that the murder of his brother Constans must be avenged, Constantius II rejected Magnentius’ and Vetranio’s requests for recognition, and in December 350 marched his army into Serdica. Vetranio immediately backed down and was stripped of his imperial regalia by his troops, who joined Constantius’ ranks. In return, Constantius granted him a palace in Prusa (Bursa), where he lived out the remaining six years of his life in peace. in wikipedia

15 Mar 351 Constantius Gallus ▲

As he prepared to face Magnentius in the West, Constantius II appointed his 24-year-old cousin Constantius Gallus, the son of Constantine I’s brother Julius Constantius, to the rank of Caesar. Gallus was married to Constantius’ sister Constantina and sent to govern the Prefecture of the East. in wikipedia

May 351–?? 352 Jewish Revolt against Gallus ▲

At around the time Constantius Gallus arrived in Antioch in May 351, Isaac of Diocaesarea and the messianic figure Patricius launched a Jewish rebellion in Palestine, seizing control of much of the region. The revolt was put down the following year by Gallus’ general Ursicinus, who razed a number of the rebel towns and killed thousands of Jews of all ages. Ursinicus subsequently installed a permanent garrison in Galilee. in wikipedia

28 Sep 351 Battle of Mursa Major ▲

In early 351 Magnentius ambushed and destroyed Constantius II’s reconnaissance force near the Italian border, encouraging him to invade Pannoniae. Assembling an army upwards of 60,000-strong, Constantius finally intercepted Magnentius, now with only 36,000 men, while the latter was besieging Mursa (Osijek) in September. The battle that ensued was long and brutal—Constantius lost 30,000 and Magnentius 24,000—but by nightfall Constantius had prevailed and his opponent fled west into Italy, narrowly avoiding capture on the way. in wikipedia

350s 351 Eastern Roman Empire European history Israel Jews maps Oriens Palestine Pannonia Praetorian Prefecture of Illyricum Praetorian Prefecture of the East Roman civil wars Roman Empire September September 28 Western Roman Empire

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