Southern Asia 1949: First Arab-Israeli War

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Political map of South & Southwest Asia on 06 Jan 1949 (Independence: First Arab-Israeli War), showing the following events: Restoration of the Ogaden; October offensives; Operation Kraai; Ceasefire in Kashmir.
Liu W.(Nat. Ch. infl.)

When Israel declared independence in 1948, the surrounding Arab states immediately declared war and invaded it. Although outnumbered, the Israelis fought back against their disunited enemies, eventually gaining control of the entire former Mandate of Palestine except for Egyptian-held Gaza Strip and the Transjordanian-held West Bank. The Israeli victory pushed some 700,000 Palestinian Arabs to flee to neighboring countries, while a roughly equal number of Jews migrated to Israel - many expelled from Arab countries.

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Main Events

23 Sep 1948 Restoration of the Ogaden ▲

Following continued Ethiopian pleas and under pressure from the United States, the United Kingdom ended its military administration of the Ogaden and restored the territory to Ethiopia. However, the British remained in Haud and Reserved Areas—part of the Ethiopian Ogaden but under a separate British administration—until 1955. in wikipedia

15 Oct 1948–10 Mar 1949 October offensives ▲

Israel launched a series of military operations to drive out the Arab armies, securing Galilee in late October. In the same month they pushed south, eventually conquering the Negev and reaching the Red Sea. In December the Israelis crossed the Egyptian border into the Sinai, but withdrew after clashing with the British (who protected the Suez Canal). in wikipedia

19 Dec 1948–5 Jan 1949 Operation Kraai ▲

The Netherlands conducted Operation Kraai, their second military offensive against the Republic of Indonesia. They successfully captured Yogyakarta, the Republic’s temporary capital, and seizes President Sukarno. The action was internationally condemned, with the United States threatening to suspend Marshall Plan aid to the Dutch and the United Nations passing a resolution demanding the reinstatement of the Republican government, prompting the Dutch to announce a ceasefire at the end of the year. in wikipedia

1 Jan 1949 Ceasefire in Kashmir ▲

Following Indian military successes and a United Nations resolution proposing a ceasefire on 13 August 1948, India and Pakistan agreed to stop fighting in Kashmir. The ceasefire established a line of control in Kashmir, giving India roughly two-thirds of the territory, and brought an end to the First Indo-Pakistani War. Overall India had lost 1,500 killed and 3,500 wounded, whereas Pakistan had lost 6,000 killed and 14,000 wounded. in wikipedia

1940s 1949 Azad Kashmir Egypt Ethiopia Haud India Indonesia Iraq Israel January January 6 Jordan Kashmir Lebanon maps Netherlands Ogaden Pakistan Palestine Republic of Indonesia Syria United Kingdom

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