Northern Eurasia 1941: Operation Barbarossa
5 July 1941
5 Jul 1941
Great Patriotic War: Germany Invades
1816–1914 Late Tsarist Russia
1914–1918 Great War and the Revolution
1918–1921 Russian Civil War: The White Phase
1921–1927 Russian Civil War: The Green Phase
1927–1941 Soviet Union under Stalin
1941–1943 Great Patriotic War: Germany Invades
1943–1945 Great Patriotic War: Germany at Bay
1945–1991 Soviet Superpower
1991–2014 Successors of the Soviet Union
2014–pres Russo-Ukrainian War
Operation Barbarossa
In the early hours of June 22, Germany launched its invasion of the Soviet Union. Within just a few weeks, they were fighting for Smolensk, halfway along the road to Moscow.