Eastern Mediterranean 262: Memor and Odaenathus

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Political map of the Eastern Mediterranean on 30 Dec 262 (Crisis of the Third Century: Memor and Odaenathus), showing the following events: Odaenathus’ First Persian Campaign; Memor.

After Odaenathus’ defeated the last of the eastern rebels in early 262, Gallienus approved a Roman–Palmyrene campaign against Persia. While Odaenathus was away fighting the Persians, the still-restive Egyptians attempted to revolt under Memor but were swiftly suppressed.

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Main Events

262–263 Odaenathus’ First Persian Campaign ▲

In spring 262, with the backing of Gallienus, Odaenathus of Palmyra attacked the Persian garrisons still in occupation of Edessa, Carrhae, and Nisibis and drove them from the Roman Empire. The Palmyrene–Roman forces then crossed into Persia, sacked Nehardea, and, in late 262/early 263 besieged the Persian capital Ctesiphon. However, Odaenathus was unable to capture the city in the face of Persian reinforcements and eventually withdrew with many prisoners and much booty. The Roman border fortress of Dura-Europus, destroyed by the Persians the previous decade, was left abandoned. in wikipedia

262 Memor ▲

Shortly after Aurelius Theodotus arrived in Egypt and brought an end to Mussius Aemilianus’ usurpation, a second rebellion broke out under Memor. Memor was of Moorish origin and in charge of the vital Egyptian corn supply, but was swiftly killed by Theodotus, even before he could be proclaimed Emperor. With Egypt now pacified, Gallienus made Theodotus prefect. in wikipedia

260s 262 December December 30 Edessa Egypt Iran Iraq maps mesopotamia Palmyra Roman civil wars Roman Empire

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