After entering the Baltic Sea, naval forces from the United Kingdom and the French Empire, supported by troops and artillery who had landed on the island, opened fire on the Russian fortress of Bomarsund on Sund (one of the Aland Islands). Following several days of facing bombardment by land and sea, the 2,000 remaining Russian defenders agreed to surrender. The Allies then demolished the fortress, remaining in occupation of the island until mid-September.
Siege of Petropavlovsk
British and French forces, led by Rear Admirals David Price and Auguste Febvrier-Despointes, attempted to capture the Russian port of Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka, but their 2,600 men and six warships were beaten back by the 920 Russian defenders.
Destruction of Kola
A British naval squadron of three warships led by HMS Miranda bombarded and destroyed Kola, Russian Lapland. The squadron proceeded into the White Sea, successfully shelling Solovki and Arkhangel. However the squadron's attempt to storm Arkhangel with 800 sailors and marines was beaten back by the Russian defenders.
Landing at Calamita Bay
The Anglo-French expeditionary force landed at Calamita Bay, southeast of Eupatoria and 56km north of Sevastopol, in Crimea, Russian Empire. Although disorganised and weakened by cholera and dysentery, lack of Russian opposition to these landings allowed the Allies to form a beachhead of 6 km inland. On 19 September the two armies headed south, defeating the Russians at Alma the following day.
Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty
The United Kingdom, represented by Admiral Sir James Stirling, signed the Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty with the Tokugawa Shogunate, in Nagasaki, Empire of Japan. As a result of the treaty, the ports of Nagasaki and Hakodate were opened to British vessels, and Britain was granted most favored nation status with other western powers.
Treaty of Shimoda
The Russian Empire, represented by Vice-Admiral Putyatin, signed the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with the Tokugawa Shogunate in Shimoda, Empire of Japan. The treaty divided the Kuril Islands between Russia and Japan. Putyatin had been stranded in Japan when his ship Diana was sunk by a 7-meter tsunami in the 1854 Ansei Tokai earthquake and was only able to leave in April 1855 after building the schooner Heda.
Allied occupation of Petropavlovsk
British and French warships arrived in Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka, only to discover that the Russians had already withdrawn inland under the cover of snow and the only three men left in the town were American - who had claimed the settlement for the United States. The Allies remained for several months before departing to join the China squadron.
Capture of Urup
A French-British naval force traveling from Hakodate, Japan, landed on Urup, in the Russian Kuril Islands, taking possession of the island as l'Isle de l'Alliance and nominating a local Aleut inhabitant as governor.
