Sep 1885Bulgarian unification
Nov 1885Serbian warwith Bulgaria
Jun 1887Russia ends alliancewith Germany andAustria-Hungary
Mar 1890Bismarck fallsfrom power
Jul 1890Britain gives Heligolandto Germany in exchangefor territory in Africa
Nov 1890Personal union ofNetherlands andLuxembourg ends
4 Jan 1894Franco-RussianAlliance